How do I pick colors for a website?
Monday, July 19th, 2010Colors bring out an emotional response in everyone – and while it may not be the same emotion in all of us, there are some commonly accepted ties to certain colors. Pulling a small segment from a 2004 article written by Naz Kaya, Ph.D. and Helen H. Eppds, Ph.D., professors from the Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors at The University of Georgia:
The color red has been associated with excitement, orange has been perceived as distressing and upsetting, purple as dignified and stately, yellow as cheerful, and blue has been associated with comfort and security. Moreover, some colors may be associated with several different emotions and some emotions are associated with more than one color. Red, symbolically known as a dominant and dynamic color, has an exciting and stimulating hue effect. It has both positive and negative impressions such as active, strong, passionate, warm, but on the other hand aggressive, bloody, raging and intense. Green has been found to have a retiring and relaxing effect. It too has both positive and negative impressions such as refreshment, quietness, naturalness, and conversely tiredness and guilt. – Relationship between color and emotion: a study of college students
The article goes further in depth to analyze the difference in reaction to principle hues (i.e., red, yellow, green, blue, purple), intermediate hues (i.e., yellow-red, green-yellow, blue-green, purple-blue, and red-purple), and achromatic colors (white, gray, and black). While it is not necessary to go into this level of analysis when choosing colors for a website design, the understanding of colors is imperative for a successful response to your design.
Before taking on any new web design project, I always follow these three steps to choose the colors for a website:
- What am I trying to sell? Selling fluffy pillows needs different colors than selling chainsaws – and not just because they appeal to different genders. The product or the service will be a huge determinant in the colors that you choose because of the emotion you need to product to incite. There are many products that people will not buy without a connection – and others, they want to feel as disconnected as possible when purchasing. Knowing the difference will help in choosing the colors.
- What type of person will visit this site? As different as men and women are in their color choice – so are different types of women. A teenage female, a college age female and a mother of 4 will all react to colors differently. So it is not enough to just define the gender or basic age group – you must get down to the details. For some sites, they may appeal to many generations and all genders, which can make design difficult, but needs to be understood to have any chance of getting it right.
- What do I want the visitors to feel when they see the site? Some sites, you want them to immediately react. Some, you want them to browse and feel welcome. Still others, you need to get them to share the information. We are accustomed to reacting to colors in traditional manners. Red, yellow and green have (and will always be) associated with stoplights. Therefore, most people will see stop, caution and go, when they see the primary versions. But what if you make them tones of the colors? It changes the reaction!
Once I have determined the product, the person and the action for the site, then I can move onto picking the colors. When I need to play with colors, I most often work in photoshop. I create 5 boxes (the average color palette for a site is only 5 colors, not including black or white), and make each one a different color. I play and test them until I get a set of 5 that I like the shade and the combination. But, there are also a lot of great free tools you can use to do the same thing! I recommend checking out:
- 0 to 255 This is a great tool for finding shades of a color. For example, say you love this color pink but you want to turn it into a gradient – and not one that goes into white. Using this tool, you just enter the hex code (the six digit number that starts with # that defines any color) and it gives you the entire shade scale – like this! Then, you can choose any other color and then turn it into your gradient.
- Kuler from Adobe Do you have trouble knowing which colors go together? Then kuler is your hero. Simply click “create” and place the hex code of a color you want to start with in the center box. Then, using the different rules, you can create a color palette that matches perfectly! Personally, I love using the complimentary and compound rules for websites. You can also look at other user created palettes for inspiration if you are feeling really stuck.
- Colour Lovers I get lost in this site very easily – there is so much to do! From creating a color palette or seamless background , to browsing other users designs, I can spend hours on here. I recommend checking it out when you have a lot of free time, just so you can get used to it and find out everything that really exists. My favorite piece of the site? Trends! It shows color palettes for some of the most popular clothing fashions, web and print designs.
What do you think about colors? How did you pick your site colors? Let’s talk!
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